...LSVC, one of which proceeds up from the CS and the other that emerges from the distal LSVC (LSVC4), located between the LA appendage and left upper pulmonary vein, and propagates down the LSVC. A similar activation sequence was seen during pacing from...

...IAB. The large sluggish LA of IAB suggests that, with onset of AF (and perhaps earlier), stasis and ultimately LA and LA appendage thrombosis are likely. This is the basis for the well-known association of untreated AF with peripheral arterial emboli...

...right femoral vein and deployed in the RA. A second basket catheter was inserted through a lIF guiding sheath in the LA appendage and deployed in the LA with the tip at the inferior right pulmonary vein. To minimize interference with the RA basket...

...Therefore, radiofrequency linear ablation was performed at the LA roof between the superior PVs, from the ostium of the LA appendage to the roof line, at the mitral isthmus between the mitral annulus and left inferior PV, and at the intra-atrial septum...